The incident was the worst industrial disaster in history. Forty tonnes of a toxin called methyl isocyanate leaked from the factory and settled over slums on 3 December 1984.
Campaigners say at least 15,000 were killed within days and that the effects of the gas continue to this day.
The site of the former pesticide plant is now abandoned. The state government of Madhya Pradesh took it over in 1998, but environmentalists say poison is still found there.
Campaigners say Bhopal has an unusually high incidence of children with birth defects and growth deficiency, as well as cancers, diabetes and other chronic illnesses.
No-one has ever stood trial over what happened at Bhopal.
Twenty years ago, the American company, Union Carbide paid $470m (£282m) in compensation to the Indian government.
Click on the headline to see a short video of the effects of the disaster
No-one has ever stood trial over what happened at Bhopal.
Twenty years ago, the American company, Union Carbide paid $470m (£282m) in compensation to the Indian government.
Click on the headline to see a short video of the effects of the disaster